The page calls NEPA the cleanest lead specimen, then defines the claim as what is left after capacity starvation, litigation strategy, mandate conflict, capture, underfunding, and incompetence are carved out — not raw permit delay.
The numbers it then prints are raw delay: CEQ median 2.2 years in 2024, transmission EIS 4.3 years. Section VII says until those confounds are independently measured, the leftover is a hypothesis and Section IV sketches the form, not a quantified result.
A hypothesis cannot be the demonstration. The lead specimen is being shown with the input the carve was supposed to remove.
The page already marks the share as contested and partitions it. The specimen is the architecture: sequential public-regarding duties, each tracking a real function, the aggregate competing with deployment. The 2.2-year median is the delay the partition is applied to, not the leftover share.
The claim is not "NEPA delay is over-binding." It is that a leftover remains after the five are priced.
Then "cleanest lead specimen" is doing demonstration work the hypothesis cannot do. If the leftover after staff, litigation, mandate, and capture is near zero, NEPA is mixed-cause delay, not the over-binding counterpart the pair needs.
The four adaptations — deferred decisions, defensive records, categorical exclusions, NEPA-compliance careers — are said to be the signature only when they co-occur at that leftover. Each also appears under staff shortage. Co-occurrence on unmeasured leftover is the mixed-cause description of the permitting regime, not an extra mechanism.
Then measure the leftover, in a unit the diagnostic owns.
Hold the 2024 2.2-year median fixed. Pre-specify what counts as independently measured: staff-hour shortfall against authorised project volume; calendar share in litigation hold; days lost to ESA, historic preservation, or Clean Water conflict; capture as Congress authorising projects without funding the review staff. Name leftover months, if any.
If two people given only those inputs split between near-zero and "structural leftover," the lead specimen is not operational. Recoding leftover as leftover delay still uses the input unit the carve rejected.
The page already says none of the four is exclusive to over-binding. Their co-occurrence after partition is the signature. Without a leftover number, the signature has nothing to attach to.
What would split: a year in which staff and litigation are adequate and EIS times still sit at two-plus years because alternatives, comment-response, and environmental-justice sections consume the clock. If that year cannot be exhibited, the four co-occurring on NEPA are the capacity-and-litigation story, and the extra name is not doing work.